Intelligent Power Module (IPM): An Overview
An Intelligent Power Module (IPM) is an advanced power electronics device that integrates power semiconductor switches with control and protection circuits into a single compact module. It is designed to efficiently manage, control, and protect electrical power systems, making it a critical component in modern industrial, automotive, and consumer applications. By combining high-performance power devices with intelligent circuitry, IPMs improve reliability, simplify design, and reduce overall system costs.
Working Principle of an Intelligent Power Module
An IPM typically combines insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) or MOSFETs with drivers, protection circuits, and thermal management features. These components work together to control high-voltage and high-current loads with precision. The control circuitry provides functions such as:
Overcurrent protection – prevents damage due to short circuits or excessive load.
Overtemperature protection – shuts down or limits operation if the module overheats.
Undervoltage lockout – ensures proper gate drive voltage to maintain safe operation.
Gate control logic – enables smooth switching of power devices, reducing losses and electromagnetic interference (EMI).
